Hierarchy and types of Plans
There are number of plans available to direct the development in an urban or rural areas. The levels at which they operate is different & similarly the nature and details provided in each type is different. Hierarchy and Types of Plans are explained below
Master plan :
A coordinated act of planning proposals, for the physical development of a city, via the purposeful transformation of its socio-economic, natural and built environment, taking into consideration the existing requirements and the future needs , with population as the basic parameter.
Contents of the master plan
- extent of planning area
- immediate surrounding area and its effects
- broad delineation of the land use
- major circulation pattern of the city
- major work centers
- delineation of high and low population density zones
- zone and sub zone divisions
- development codes and norms
- allocation o land for various use zones
- policies and proposals for development
Main functions of the plan :
- to develop the town or city as a combined unit and maintain a balance b/w the spatial allocations for the distribution of facilities
- formulation of policies for the development of the town/city, aiming at the decentralisation of city centre
- presenting broad circulation links, for inter-city & intra-city traffic and a multi modal mass transport system
- Preservation of the natural features of the city
- division of the city in sub-divisions or zones.
Zonal development plans :
The master plan divides the city into sub-divisions or zones
Criteria’s followed are :
- physical & historical growth
- character of land
- intensity of land – use
- circulation pattern ( railways , major arteries etc. )
- municipal boundaries , election & census wards
Contents of a zonal plan
- land use plan confirming to the master plan
- location and extent of land uses
- more detailed circulation pattern
- special objectives of the zone if any
- allocation of use zones into further use premises
Functions of a zonal plan
- A zonal development plan details out and elaborates the policies of the master plan
- Acts as a link between the master plan and the layout plans
- Contains a land-use plan for the development of the zone and show the approximate locations and extents of land-uses proposed in the zone
- The schemes and layout plans indicating use premises should confirm to the master plan
Local area plan
A local area plan (lap) sets out a strategy for the proper planning and sustainable development of a specific area within a local authority and for a timescale as specified by the authority.
Contents of a local area plan
- Land use zoning & density
- Public open space
- Private open space
- Car parking
- Provision of infrastructure
- Conservation of built heritage
- Conservation of natural environment
- Provision of traveller accommodation
- Community facilities
- Design & development standards.
Functions of a local area plan
- a local area plans gives plot level detail
- it is also used to check if the master plan is confirming with land.
A sector plan consists of a group of neighborhoods where it is possible to provide higher order facilities for larger population
Contents of a sector plan
- it is a detailed site plan with broad identification of residential clusters
- Allocation of commercial areas and other facilities based on access requirement
- Formation of a boundary depending on circulation pattern and administrative setup
- Social and physical infrastructure to be allocated based on development control norms laid down in master plan
- Traffic links to be identified between arterials and collector roads
Functions of a sector plan
- Each sector plan has to identify the various neighborhoods with population ranging from 3500-15000
- It is the lowest level plan for the implementation of the various levels of planning proposals extensively detailed out
